- 2009年10月自考英语（一）串讲笔记（unit14）
- 发布日期时间：2009-10-12 来源：汕头自考网整理 点击数： 作者：佚名
本句翻译：不知不觉地，他们都把船划行路线划成两个大圈。在他们上个岸后，才发现又划回到了他们原来出发的地点。
without knowing 不知不觉地
shore 河岸，海岸线
After studying many stories such as this， Professor Guldberg wrote an article in which he discussed “Circular Motion is the Basic Motion of Animals.”
本句翻译：在研究过很多诸如此类的实际经历之后，哥尔柏格教授写了一篇题为《动物的基本运动模式是圆周运动》的论文。
study 研究
A simple example will help you to understand his explanation of why we walk in circles.
本句翻译：一个很简单的例子，就可以帮助你弄明白他的论点：为什么我们会走成两个大圆圈。
Have you ever wound up a toy automobile and started it off across the floor？
本句翻译：你有没有把一辆玩具汽车上好发条以后，把它放到地板上让它从头跑到那头的经历？
7. wind up给…上发条
Then you know that it will rarely travel in a straight path. It will travel， instead， in some kind of arc， or curve.
本句翻译：那么，你就会知道小汽车几乎很少顺着直线跑，而是以弧线或者曲线的方式前行。
If it is to travel in a straight line， the wheels on both sides have to be of exactly equal size.
本句翻译：如果你想要这辆小汽车以直线的方式前行的话，那么小汽车两侧的轮子就必须是同等大小。
equal 相等
If they are not， the little automobile turns toward the side with the smaller wheels.
本句翻译：车两侧的轮子，如果它们大小不是相等的话那么这个小汽车将会转向轮子更小的那一侧。
Circular movement in walking is caused in much the same way.
本句翻译：步行时绕大圆运动的规律在很大程度上是由同一原理引起的。
cause 导致
in … way 以什么样的方式
7. much the same 不完全相同，差不多一样，几乎一样
For example： He is living condition is much the same as that five years ago.他现在生活状况和五年前差不多没有什么变化。
Usually a man walking will “watch his step” and “look where he is going.”
本句翻译：通常一个人走路时会看着脚下所踩的步子，会看着所要去的方向。
watch his step （口语化的说法）注意脚下
look where he is going 看着前方
a man walking
（1）通常情况下，单个的分词作定语的在名词的前面；分词短语放在被修饰的名词之后。
For example： He often helps his working wife at home. 他在家中经常帮助他工作的妻子。
Who is the lady standing by the door？ 站在门口的那位女士是谁？
（2）有时，单个的分词放在名词后作定语，具有较强的动词意义，其作用相当于一个从句。
For example： Atomic energy is the greatest source of energy existing. 原子能是现存的最大的能源。
They decided to change the material used. 他们决定改变所用的材料。
He needs his senses， especially his eyes， to get to the point he intends to reach.
本句翻译：一个人需要用他们的各种器官，特别是要用两只眼睛，才能走到他打算要去的地点。
8. intend to do 想要/打算/计划做某事
For example： What do you intend to do today？ I intend to go out for a walk. 你打算今天做什么？我今天打算出去散步。
When he cannot use his eyes to guide his steps， he will walk straight only if he takes a step of the same length with each foot.
本句翻译：只有当一个人的两只脚所迈出的每一步的长短都完全相同时，这个人才可以不用眼睛来引导脚步而能够顺着一条直线往前走。
In most people， however， muscle development is not the same in both legs， so that it is probable that the steps will be uneven.
本句翻译：但是，在绝大多数人左右两腿肌肉的发育并不是一样的，结果很可能左右两脚所迈的步子长短是不一致的。
so that 因此…引导是结果状语从句
The difference may be so small that no one is aware of it. But small as it is， it can cause circular movement.
本句翻译：迈步子长短的差距是非常小的，以致于没有人会意识到这一微小的差距。尽管这个差距很小，但结果却导致了圆周运动。
9. as / as though
small as it is “是as/as though 引导的让步状语从句，此时从句应倒装（部分倒装），其结构为”形容词/名词/动词）+as （though）+主+谓
（a.）（n.）（v.）+as/as though + s + v
For example： Pretty as she is， she is not clever.她虽然很漂亮但是不聪明。
Child as he is， he has to make a living.虽然他是一个孩子，但是他必须去谋生。
Try as he would， he might fail again.尽管还有可能再试着去做，但是他还是有可能失败。
注：若从句的表语是n.，其名词前不加任何冠词。
Let us suppose that a man's left foot takes a step 20 inches long and that his right foot takes a step 30 inches long.
本句翻译：我们假定某一人的左脚迈一步是20英寸长，右脚迈一步是30英寸长。
Now suppose he takes ten step - five with his left foot and five with his right.
本句翻译：现在假设这个人迈了十步——左脚迈五步，右脚也迈五步。
His left foot will travel 100 inches. His right foot will travel 150 inches.
本句翻译：他的左脚总共走了100英寸，他的右脚总共走了150英寸。
travel 运行，前行
This sounds impossible. One foot cannot remain 50 inches behind the other.
本句翻译：这听起来让人觉得不可能。因为一只脚不可能落后于另一只脚五十英寸。
What really happens？
本句翻译：到底是怎么回事呢？
At each step the man turns a little bit to the left.
本句翻译：每迈一步这个人就稍微向左转了一点点。
Sooner or later he makes a complete circle.
本句翻译：迟早，他会走成一个大圆圈。
The tracks of his feet， however， make two circles， one inside the other.
本句翻译：于是他的两只脚所走过轨迹就形成了两个圆圈，一个圆圈在另一的内部。
track 足迹，脚印
His left foot makes the smaller circle because it is taking larger steps.
本句翻译：他的左脚所走的圈比较小，因为右脚的每一步都大一点。
This is why a person may walk in an arc when he sets out in a straight line.
本句翻译：这就是一个人在出发时本来是想走的直线，结果却走成了一条弧线的原因。
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